Question 1

Australopithecus robustus was likely the longest-surviving species of australopithecine in South Africa. It had:

Accepted Answer

A)   a big brain, big teeth, and a big face.
B)   large molars, a big face, and a sagittal crest.
C)   a large body, large teeth, and a sagittal crest.
D)   a big face, large teeth, and a large body.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Owen Lovejoy's Provisioning hypothesis proposes that:

Accepted Answer

A)   bipedalism meant less body surface to expose to the sun, resulting in a smaller body size.
B)   monogamy and food provisioning created the necessity for bipedalism.
C)   bipedalism arose in areas where the forest was disappearing.
D)   bipedalism arose as a result of a shift to hunting as a primary source of food.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following is a derived trait of Sahelanthropus tchandensis?

Accepted Answer

A)   big toe opposability
B)   larger body size
C)   length of the calcaneus
D)   nonhoning chewing complexE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Speech, advanced cognition, and complex material culture:

Accepted Answer

A)   do not define a hominin.
B)   define a hominin.
C)   define a higher primate.
D)   did not evolve through the primate lineage.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D) A

Question 5

Ecological evidence from the site where Ardi was found shows that:

Accepted Answer

A)   early hominins lived in a lush jungle.
B)   early hominins lived in a savannah.
C)   early hominins lived in a forest.
D)   early hominins migrated out of the area due to drought.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

In East Africa robust australopithecines are also called:

Accepted Answer

A)   Orrorin.
B)   Sahelanthropus.
C)   Gigantopithecus.
D)   Paranthropus.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The first recognizable ancestors of the lineage leading to humans include:

Accepted Answer

A)   Australopithecus afarensis.
B)   Paranthropus.
C)   Sahelanthropus tchandensis.
D)   Orrorin tugenensis.E) All of the above
F) C) and D) C

Question 8

The foundational behavior of Hominini was:

Accepted Answer

A)   hunting.
B)   tool use.
C)   bipedalism.
D)   speech.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Using tools and tool making is an adaptation by hominins as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)   improved diet.
B)   bipedalism.
C)   sleeping.
D)   becoming larger.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

The earliest hominins probably lived in which kind of environment?

Accepted Answer

A)   dense tropical forest
B)   complex hybrid habitats
C)   open savannah grassland
D)   arid, high-altitude uplandsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The earliest australopithecines first show up in the fossil record more than:

Accepted Answer

A)   .5 mya.
B)   1 mya.
C)   2 mya
D)   4 mya.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

The discovery of Kenyanthropus platyops was important mainly because:

Accepted Answer

A)   it had a small brain like an ape's.
B)   it was discovered in Kenya.
C)   it showed diversity in the hominin fossil record 3.5 mya.
D)   it probably lived in woodlands.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Evidence indicating that Orrorin tugenensis was bipedal comes mainly from which part of the skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)   femur (thighbone) 
B)   skull
C)   foot
D)   pelvisE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Hominins have canines that are:

Accepted Answer

A)   small, blunt, and nonprojecting, with no diastema.
B)   large and pointed, with a diastema.
C)   projecting, with a diastema.
D)   part of a honing complex.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

The diversity of the hominins included increasingly specialized:

Accepted Answer

A)   locomotion.
B)   social patterns.
C)   body sizes.
D)   diets.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) D

Question 16

The adaptive radiation of the australopithecines after their split from the lineage that led to early Homo seems to have focused on _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   bipedalism
B)   mastication
C)   brain size increase
D)   body size increaseE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is an adaptive characteristic of bipedalism?

Accepted Answer

A)   opposable thumb
B)   nails instead of claws
C)   convergent eyes
D)   longitudinal arch in the footE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

What was the Piltdown Man? Why was it significant?

Accepted Answer

Piltdown Man was a skull discovered by C...

Question 19

The Laetoli footprints demonstrate that the foot of Australopithecus afarensis was humanlike in having:

Accepted Answer

A)   a rounded heel.
B)   a nondivergent big toe.
C)   a double arch.
D)   all of the aboveE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Ardi's intermediate form of bipedality included the use of:

Accepted Answer

A)   longer hind limbs for clinging and leaping.
B)   palms and feet to move along tree branches.
C)   long phalanges to wrap around tree branches.
D)   a tail.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Exam 10: Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: the Roots of Humanity

Australopithecus robustus was likely the longest-surviving species of australopithecine in South Africa. It had:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Owen Lovejoy's Provisioning hypothesis proposes that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a derived trait of Sahelanthropus tchandensis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Speech, advanced cognition, and complex material culture:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Ecological evidence from the site where Ardi was found shows that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In East Africa robust australopithecines are also called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first recognizable ancestors of the lineage leading to humans include:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The foundational behavior of Hominini was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using tools and tool making is an adaptation by hominins as a result of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The earliest hominins probably lived in which kind of environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The earliest australopithecines first show up in the fossil record more than:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The discovery of Kenyanthropus platyops was important mainly because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence indicating that Orrorin tugenensis was bipedal comes mainly from which part of the skeleton?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hominins have canines that are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The diversity of the hominins included increasingly specialized:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The adaptive radiation of the australopithecines after their split from the lineage that led to early Homo seems to have focused on _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an adaptive characteristic of bipedalism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was the Piltdown Man? Why was it significant?

Correct AnswerverifiedPiltdown Man was a skull discovered by C...View AnswerShow Answer

The Laetoli footprints demonstrate that the foot of Australopithecus afarensis was humanlike in having:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ardi's intermediate form of bipedality included the use of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Piltdown Man was a skull discovered by C...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified